Correlating Side Effects and Properties of Analgesics with Disance‎- ‎and Degree-Based Topological Indices

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics‎, ‎University of Maribor‎, ‎Slovenia//Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering‎, ‎University of Maribor‎, ‎Slovenia

2 Leiden University College‎, ‎Leiden University‎, ‎Netherlands

10.22052/ijmc.2025.255917.1947

Abstract

‎This study investigates the relationship between the structural properties of 22 analgesic molecules‎, ‎including opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)‎, ‎and their physico-chemical properties and side effects‎. ‎Opioids are effective for managing moderate to severe pain but carry risks of addiction and dependence‎, ‎while NSAIDs are widely used for their analgesic‎, ‎antipyretic‎, ‎and anti-inflammatory properties‎, ‎with risks primarily linked to gastrointestinal and cardiovascular complications‎. ‎Using graph theoretical approaches‎, ‎we modeled these molecules as molecular graphs‎, ‎calculating ten distance‎- ‎and degree-based topological indices‎. ‎The analysis aims to identify structural patterns that correlate with the drugs' therapeutic effects and adverse reactions‎. ‎By leveraging computational tools such as Sage‎, ‎we explore how molecular topology can influence the pharmacological properties of analgesics‎, ‎offering insights into the design of new analgesics with optimized efficacy and safety profiles‎. ‎The results provide insight into connections between molecular structure and clinical outcomes‎, ‎contributing to more effective and safer approaches to pain management‎.
 

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References

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Iranian Journal of Mathematical Chemistry
Volume 16, Issue 3
In Progress
September 2025
Pages 181-198

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